Conditions
Hydrocele Surgery
Quick answer
A hydrocele is a collection of fluid around a testicle that makes one side of the scrotum swell. In babies it often settles on its own, while in men a large or uncomfortable hydrocele is treated with a short operation called hydrocelectomy. An ultrasound is done first to make sure the swelling is not caused by another problem in the testicle.
Medically reviewed by The Curaventa Team · Last updated 2026-10-27
The testicle sits inside a thin sac. Normally only a small film of fluid lies there. In a hydrocele, more fluid builds up than is absorbed, so the sac swells. It is usually painless.
In baby boys, a channel from the abdomen may stay open after birth, letting fluid pass down. Many of these close naturally. In adults, the cause is often unclear, though injury, infection and some parasitic infections play a part.
In parts of Africa and South Asia, filarial infection (a worm spread by mosquitoes) is a known cause of large hydroceles. These need treatment of the infection alongside surgery.
Symptoms
- Painless swelling on one or both sides of the scrotum
- A heavy or dragging feeling
- Swelling that gets bigger through the day in babies
- Discomfort when walking or sitting with a large hydrocele
- Swelling that lets light shine through when a torch is held behind it
Causes and risk factors
- An open channel between abdomen and scrotum in infants
- Injury or inflammation of the testicle or epididymis
- Filarial (parasitic) infection in some regions
- Previous varicocele or hernia surgery
- Rarely, a testicular tumour, which ultrasound helps rule out
How it is diagnosed
- Physical examination of the scrotum
- Transillumination (shining a light through the swelling)
- Scrotal ultrasound to check the testicle itself
- Tests for filarial infection where relevant
- Examination for an associated inguinal hernia in children
When a procedure is needed
In adults, surgery is offered when the hydrocele is large, uncomfortable or growing. In children, it is usually advised if the swelling persists beyond infancy. It is done sooner if a hernia is present. The procedure is usually done as a day case or with one night in hospital.
Treatment options in India
| Treatment | When it is used | Published price (USD) |
|---|---|---|
| Hernia Repair | when the hydrocele comes with an inguinal hernia through the same open channel | $368–$1,895 |
Frequently asked questions
How is a hydrocele operation done?
In adults, a small cut is made in the scrotum. The fluid is drained and the sac is turned inside out or folded so fluid cannot collect again. In children, the surgeon works through a small groin cut to close the open channel.
Can the fluid just be drained with a needle?
Needle drainage gives only short relief because the fluid often returns. Sometimes a medicine is injected to seal the sac. This may suit men who are not fit for surgery, but return of the hydrocele is more likely.
Will the operation affect my fertility or sexual function?
Hydrocele surgery is not expected to affect erections. Care is taken to protect the sperm tube and blood supply to the testicle. Ask your surgeon about this if fertility is a concern.
How soon can I fly home after hydrocelectomy?
Many men are ready to fly about a week after surgery, once the wound is checked. Wear supportive underwear and avoid heavy lifting for a few weeks. Swelling can take some weeks to settle.
What follow-up is needed at home?
A simple wound check with your local doctor is usually enough. Seek help if you develop fever, increasing pain or a tense swelling. These can signal infection or bleeding.
Medically reviewed by The Curaventa Team. Last updated 2026-10-27. General information, not medical advice. Medical editorial board · Editorial policy · How we get prices
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